Headlands
Headlands are surrounded by water on three sides. Headlands are characterized by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion and steep sea cliffs. Headlands are formed on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Wave refraction occurs on headlands concentrating wave energy on them,so many other landforms, form on headlands. Joints in the headlands are eroded back to form caves which erode further to form arches. These gaps eventually collapse and leave tall stacks at the ends of the headlands. Eventually these too are eroded by the waves. Wave refraction disperses wave energy through the bay, and along with the sheltering effect of the headlands this protects bays from storms. This effect means that the waves reaching the shore in a bay are weaker than the waves reaching the headland and the bay is thus a safer place for water activities like surfing or swimming. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out then start the same process all over again.
As the waves hit the the coastlines, it breaks away and erodes the coast. During this process, headlands are formed in which are still prominent today.
Sea Arches
A sea arch is formed as stronger rocks are undercut by wave erosion.
The location of this sea arch is at Goat Rock Beach south of Jenner, California. Unlike most sea arches, this one is unusual in which it sits offshore. The usual method of forming a sea arch is that a headland focuses incoming waves around its point and onto its flanks. The waves erode sea caves into the headland that eventually meet in the middle. When finding this arch on Google Earth, it seemed to be in existence but it was hard to tell with the clarity of the program.
Sea Stacks
Differential erosion, the removal of weaker roads or rocks near sea level, produces many of the other characteristic landforms of rocky headlands. A sea stack is an isolated rock tower or similar erosional remnant left on a wave-cut platform
Ball's Pyramid,Australia,is the tallest volcanic stack in the world. When searching for it on Google Earth, it seem that there was very little left of it. As it eroded away from the waves hitting it every moment, cause it to be the size it is today.